ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) maps two types of addresses on a local network:
IP Address (Logical Address)
MAC Address (Physical Address)
When a device wants to send data on a LAN, it uses ARP to find the MAC address that matches a known IP address.
Example:
Your computer knows the IP 192.168.1.1 but needs the MAC address to send data. ARP sends a request and gets the MAC like 00:1A:2B:3C:4D:5E.
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